Article intro - Performance and Capability Assessment in Surgical Subtask Automation
Abstract
"Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery (RAMIS) has reshaped the
standard clinical practice during the past two decades. Many believe
that the next big step in the advancement of RAMIS will be partial
autonomy, which may reduce the fatigue and the cognitive load on the
surgeon by performing the monotonous, time-consuming subtasks of the
surgical procedure autonomously. Although serious research efforts are
paid to this area worldwide, standard evaluation methods, metrics, or
benchmarking techniques are still not formed. This article aims to fill
the void in the research domain of surgical subtask automation by
proposing standard methodologies for performance evaluation. For that
purpose, a novel characterization model is presented for surgical
automation. The current metrics for performance evaluation and
comparison are overviewed and analyzed, and a workflow model is
presented that can help researchers to identify and apply their choice
of metrics. Existing systems and setups that serve or could serve as
benchmarks are also introduced and the need for standard benchmarks in
the field is articulated. Finally, the matter of Human–Machine Interface
(HMI) quality, robustness, and the related legal and ethical issues are
presented."
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