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 Flang et al: Soft robotic manipulator for intraoperative MRI-guided transoral laser microsurgery, 2021

"Overview of the robotic system. (A) Illustration of the soft, fluid-driven robot positioned in the larynx through the oral cavity (left) and aiming at a laryngeal tumor (60, 61) (bottom right). Intra-op MRI can be introduced to provide the operator with fine monitoring of the laser ablation progress (top right). (B) Overview of the five DoFs endoscopic motion. Pan and tilt are provided by both the active bending section and the laser manipulator. The passive bending section facilitates insertion and retraction of the robot by transferring rotation of the hydraulic actuator to linear motion. (C) Side view (top) and below view (bottom) of the soft laser manipulator, which enables omnidirectional laser beam steering inside a protective outer shell. (D) Patient-specific dental guard designed for robot anchorage and creating an open-jaw position of the patient."

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